Greenhouses vs. High Tunnels
Which is best for your farming operation? Greenhouse vs High Tunnel
In the world of market farming and regenerative agriculture, two structures stand out as vital tools for extending growing seasons and protecting crops: greenhouses and high tunnels. While both serve similar purposes, they have distinct differences that cater to various needs and preferences. Greenhouses are a permanent structures that require a large investment upfront. They are ideal for operations that specialize in high-value crops like microgreens or starts for gardeners/farmers in the community. High Tunnels are a practical solution if you want to extend your growing season into the colder months. Increasing production will provide additional revenue and can prove incredibly valuable to small farming operations. Let’s talk about the disparities between greenhouses and high tunnels, exploring their unique characteristics, functionalities, and advantages
Tip: In market farming, being resourceful is a valued trait. However, when you are considering adding such a valuable structure to your operation, there is no need to build either of these structures from raw materials. There are several skilled manufacturers that offer high-quality kits ready to be installed. Both greenhouses and high tunnels have accessories and enhancements that may or may not be beneficial to your operation. Make sure to consult with a professional that has real experience in market farming before you decide what will work best for your needs. Even if you cannot afford some of these options now, it is best to plan/install a structure that can accommodate some of these add-ons (if needed) on down the line.
Structure and Design:
Greenhouses
Greenhouses are typically permanent structures with solid frames made of materials like aluminum, steel, or wood. They feature transparent walls and roofs made of glass or polycarbonate panels, allowing sunlight to penetrate while retaining heat. Depending on how your operation is zoned and where it is located, you may need to pull building permits with the county before you begin construction on this structure.
High Tunnels
Also known as hoop houses or polytunnels, high tunnels are simpler structures characterized by a curved or arched frame covered with a single or double layer of polyethylene plastic. They are semi-permanent or temporary and often lack a foundation, making them more flexible in terms of relocation. A high tunnel is considered a non-permanent structure, and you should not need to pull any building permits with the county before you begin installation.
Temperature and Climate Control:
Greenhouses
With their solid construction and insulation, greenhouses offer precise control over temperature, humidity, and ventilation. They are equipped with heating, cooling, and ventilation systems, allowing growers to create optimal growing conditions year-round.
High Tunnels
High tunnels provide protection from frost, wind, and excessive rain, but their temperature regulation relies more on passive methods such as natural ventilation, shade cloth and adjusting the plastic cover. While they offer some level of climate control, it’s generally less precise compared to greenhouses.
Cost and Installation:
Greenhouses
Due to their more complex structure and materials, greenhouses tend to be more expensive to build and maintain. Installation often requires professional assistance and permits, adding to the overall cost. This should not be attempted without the guidance and expertise of an experienced professional.
High Tunnels
High tunnels are relatively affordable and simpler to install, making them accessible to small-scale growers and hobbyists. Many high tunnels can be assembled without specialized tools, reducing labor and construction costs. There are many different high tunnel kits on the market, each varying in quality. Make sure to do your research or work with a professional to understand what the best high tunnel structure for your operation is.
Versatility and Mobility:
Greenhouses
While durable and sturdy, greenhouses are usually fixed structures that cannot be easily relocated once installed. They are designed for long-term use and provide a permanent growing environment.
High Tunnels
High tunnels offer greater mobility and flexibility as they can be disassembled and moved to different locations as needed. This feature is advantageous for crop rotation, temporary growing sites, or leased land situations.
Crop Suitability and Growing Seasons:
Greenhouses
Greenhouses support a wide range of crops, including sensitive or exotic varieties that require precise environmental conditions. They enable year-round cultivation of crops regardless of external weather conditions, making them ideal for high-value crops.
High Tunnels
High tunnels are well-suited for season extension and the cultivation of cold-hardy crops. While they may not offer the same level of climate control as greenhouses, they still prolong the growing season and protect crops from early frosts and harsh weather, especially in temperate climates.
Both greenhouses and high tunnels play crucial roles in small farming operations, offering solutions for extending growing seasons, protecting crops, and maximizing yields. While greenhouses excel in precise climate control and year-round production, high tunnels provide a more cost-effective and flexible option for small-scale growers and seasonal crops. Understanding the differences between these structures allows growers to choose the most suitable option based on their specific needs, budget, and growing goals. Whether it’s a greenhouse for year-round production or a high tunnel for season extension, both contribute to sustainable and resilient food systems.
Want to know more about greenhouses and high tunnels? Our team not only loves to talk but understands how valuable these structures can be to every farming operation. Feel free to reach out and connect with us!